Scientists Discover Troves of New Species at the Ocean’s Deepest Depths

The Hadalzone on earth comprises sea regions, which are 6,000 to 11,000 meters below sea level 19,700 to 36,000 to 11,000 meters. The indication of the Greek god of the underworld, Hades, is not accidental – these are the deepest regions of our oceans and one of the least researched areas on earth. New research work illuminates this dramatic environment and the creatures, which they call at home despite the extreme conditions.

The researchers used a state-of-the-art Chinese diving engine called Fendouzhe to overturn 10,900 m below sea level and to collect hundreds of biological samples from the Hadalzone in the Yap-Graben, in the Filipino pelvis and in the Mariana-Strench-TRENCH-TRENCH-THE OCENTRENCH on Earth. Of the more than 7,000 microbial species researchers, which were documented in the rehearsals, over 89% were previously unknown. Her studyPublished on March 6th in the magazine Cell, shows surprising diversity in one of the most extreme environments in our planet.

“Exceptionally high novelty, diversity and heterogeneity were observed in the Hadal microbioma, especially in prokaryotes and viruses, which are affected both by the broader context of extreme environmental conditions and the sensitive topography in the Hadalzone,” the researchers wrote in the study. Your work is part of the sea project for environmental and ecology research (Mariana Graben “, from which you claim that you offer the” first systematic view of the ecosystem in the Hadalzone “.

The Hadalzone has extreme pressure, temperatures of the almost frozen zone, low nutrient content and almost complete darkness. According to the researchers, simply “exceptional environmental problems for life”. Nevertheless, the Hadal samples showed the presence of 7,564 microbial species, of which 89.4% were documented for the first time. The “remarkable variety” of the samples was also reflected in the genetics of the microbes, which resulted in a wide range of survival strategies.

The paper is one of A Trio or more studies On Hadal Zone ecosystems published on the same day. One of the other studies describes how Amphipides (Small shrimp-like creatures) can thrive thanks to a symbiotic relationship with bacteria in the extreme environments of the Hadalzone. The other suggests that fish that live deeper than 3 kilometers below the sea level, all A Genetic mutation This helps you to alleviate the effects of the cold, pressure and the lack of sunlight.

This last study also appreciates when certain marine creatures first climbed into such depths. For example, the researchers suggest that Eale colonized the deep lake around 100 million years ago, which made it possible for them to survive this Meteorite impact that the dinosaurs almost wiped out And decimated marine creatures that inhabit flatter water.

In total, the three studies show the existence of similar adaptive mechanisms between microorganisms and larger creatures that live in the Hadalzone. “These results suggest the existence of convergent adaptation strategies to Hadal environments that exceed species boundaries and biological areas,” the researchers wrote in one comment on the trio of studies. In other words, the extreme surroundings of the Hadal zone have probably made not related species to develop similar features.

In addition to the microbes, amphipodes and fishing, the researchers also came across human throw: plastic bags, soda sockets, beer bottles and even a laundry basket is Science.

“That was deeply shocking for us” Science. While they and their colleagues found that deep-sea microbes seem to be able to process some human impurities, this seems to be a small consolation given the footprint of mankind that reaches the deepest regions of our oceans.

Ultimately, the study offers a rare insight into the extraordinary variety of a region Once accepted as lifeless– Life really always finds a way.